Garden guide: plants on the land at Bodhi Mente

Bodhi Mente is a boutique eco-hotel in Mendihuaca, Magdalena, near Tayrona National Park in Colombia. This guide covers the trees, palms and plants growing on our 13-hectare land, with fun facts, where they come from and stories from building the hotel.

Since we started building we have planted 102 trees and palms, lost or removed 14, for a net gain of 88, plus 2,400 swinglea for living fences. We have planted 68 different kinds of trees, palms and plants, and identified 25 kinds of wild plants on the land so far.

Fun fact: since we started growing our own watermelons and squash, the local iguanas have eaten more than 250 squashes and 350 watermelons.

Trees, palms and plants

Avocado (Persea americana)

Planted on the land: 18 · Origin: Mexico to Peru · Family: Lauraceae

This one is from our side of the world: avocados grow wild from Mexico down to Peru.

  • Flowers that switch. Each flower opens twice: first as a female, then it closes and reopens as a male. Different varieties keep different schedules, which helps them cross-pollinate.
  • Ripens off the tree. Avocados grow on the branch but only soften after they fall or are picked. They can be left hanging for weeks, like a living fridge.
  • Julieta's favourite (Bodhi Mente). Julieta, our black dog, is the resident avocado expert. She goes out, picks the best ones and eats them before we get the chance.

Look closer: Pick a hard one and leave it on a table. It should be ready in one to two weeks.

Orange (Citrus × sinensis)

Planted on the land: 10 · Origin: Southern China & Myanmar · Family: Rutaceae

The orange isn't a wild species. It's an ancient cross between two older citrus fruits, the pomelo and the mandarin.

  • When a tree gives birth (Bodhi Mente). Around here, people say a fruit tree pare, Spanish for "gives birth", when it starts to bear fruit.
  • Green and ripe. In warm climates like this one, a fully ripe orange can stay completely green. The bright orange colour in shops is often brought out after harvest.
  • An early traveller. Columbus may have planted oranges on Hispaniola in 1493. Within a century they had spread across the Americas.

Look closer: Don't judge by colour. If it smells sweet and gives a little when you squeeze it, try it.

Mandarin (Citrus reticulata)

Planted on the land: 10 · Origin: Southern China & Vietnam · Family: Rutaceae

One of the original wild citrus. Most citrus fruits you know, oranges included, have mandarin in their family tree.

  • An ancestor. The wild mandarin evolved in a small region of southern China and Vietnam, and it's a parent of the sweet orange and many other hybrids.
  • Domesticated twice. Genetic studies suggest people domesticated mandarins at least twice, from two separate wild populations in China's Nanling Mountains.
  • Built to peel. Its peel is thin and loose with very little white pith, which is why it comes off so easily and splits into neat segments.

Look closer: Compare it with an orange: smaller, flatter, and much easier to peel.

Sapodilla · Níspero (Manilkara zapota)

Planted on the land: 4 · Origin: Southern Mexico & Central America · Family: Sapotaceae

Before chewing gum was made in factories, it came from this tree.

  • The original chewing gum. The bark gives a white latex called chicle. The Maya chewed it, and from the 1880s to the 1950s it was the base of commercial chewing gum.
  • Wood that sinks. The wood is so dense it sinks in water. The ancient Maya used it for temple beams and lintels because termites can't get through it.
  • Worth the wait. An unripe fruit bleeds white latex and dries your mouth. When it's ripe, the skin goes soft and the flesh tastes sweet and malty, like brown sugar.

Look closer: Gently scratch the skin with a fingernail. If it's green underneath, it needs more time.

Mamey Sapote (Pouteria sapota)

Planted on the land: 3 · Origin: Mexico & Central America · Family: Sapotaceae

The patience fruit. After the tree flowers, each fruit takes about two years to mature.

  • Susi's ripeness alarm (Bodhi Mente). Susi, our rat terrier, loves this fruit. She is the one who lets us know when the fruit is ready to pick up.
  • The scratch test. Growers scratch a tiny patch of skin. If it's red underneath, the fruit is ready to pick. Then it needs five to seven days to soften.
  • Cousin of the níspero. It's in the same family as the sapodilla, and the tree can grow 10 to 15 metres tall.

Look closer: Find the níspero trees and compare: same family, very different fruit.

Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera)

Planted on the land: 10 · Origin: Indo-Pacific · Family: Arecaceae

Wild coconuts are built to sail. A thick, light husk keeps the seed afloat so the ocean can carry it to a new beach.

  • A palm, not a tree. Palms don't make wood or grow rings. The trunk is a bundle of fibres, which is why it bends in a storm instead of snapping.
  • The shark myth. You may have heard that falling coconuts kill more people than sharks. It's an urban legend. A full coconut is still heavy, though.
  • A second life (Bodhi Mente). One of our palms died after a fire was lit too close to her and burned her roots. We didn't let her go to waste: her wood became the plant signs you see around the garden.

Look closer: Don't hang your hammock right under a palm loaded with coconuts.

Malay Apple · Pera de agua (Syzygium malaccense)

Planted on the land: 2 · Origin: Tropical Asia · Family: Myrtaceae

A tree that crossed the Pacific by canoe. It came from tropical Asia, and Polynesian voyagers carried it all the way to Hawaii.

  • A canoe plant. Polynesians brought it to Hawaii 1,000 to 1,700 years ago, as one of the plants they needed to start life on a new island.
  • Made of water. The fruit is crisp, very juicy and mild, which is how it earned the name pera de agua.
  • Fray's pick (Bodhi Mente). These two were Fray's idea. Fray helps us run the finca and knew they would do well here.

Look closer: When it flowers, the branch tips burst into pink-red pompoms. Look for them, then come back for the fruit.

Teak (Tectona grandis)

Planted on the land: 6 · Origin: South & Southeast Asia · Family: Lamiaceae

One of the most famous timbers in the world, and a surprising relative of mint and basil.

  • Mint family. Teak belongs to the Lamiaceae, the same family as mint, basil and oregano.
  • You are standing on it (Bodhi Mente). Natural oils in the wood keep out water, rot and termites, so teak lasts outdoors without varnish. That's why our villa decks are built from it: if you're staying with us, you're standing on this tree's wood.
  • Leaves for cooking. In parts of Asia its huge leaves are used to wrap food. In Indonesia they give the dish gudeg its dark colour.

Look closer: Touch a leaf: the top feels rough, like fine sandpaper.

Royal Palm (Roystonea regia)

Planted on the land: 6 · Origin: Cuba & the Caribbean · Family: Arecaceae

The national tree of Cuba. Its smooth, pale trunk looks almost like a concrete column.

  • A green neck. Just below the leaves is a glossy green crownshaft, made of leaf bases wrapped around each other.
  • El Palmar Real (Bodhi Mente). In October 2025 we planted six royal palms to create El Palmar Real. Two didn't survive the wild rainstorm of February 2026. The four that made it are still standing tall.
  • A palm with helpers. It was the first palm found with root nodules full of bacteria that pull nitrogen from the air, the way beans do.

Look closer: Old leaves drop whole, and they're heavy. Don't stand under it on a windy day.

Foxtail Palm (Wodyetia bifurcata)

Planted on the land: 5 · Origin: Cape Melville, Australia · Family: Arecaceae

Science only found this palm in 1968, on a remote, boulder-covered range in northern Australia.

  • Named for a keeper of knowledge. Its name honours Wodyeti, the last Aboriginal man known to hold traditional knowledge of the plants around Cape Melville.
  • Black-market seeds. After it was described in 1983, demand exploded and collectors raided the wild palms. A single seed sold for up to 5 Australian dollars.
  • Now everywhere. Nurseries grew it legally from seed, and today it's planted around the world. The city of Cairns alone has more than 1,500.

Look closer: Look down a leaf from its tip: the leaflets stick out in every direction, like a bottle brush.

Kentia Palm (Howea forsteriana)

Planted on the land: 10 · Origin: Lord Howe Island, Australia · Family: Arecaceae

Every wild kentia comes from one tiny island in the Pacific: Lord Howe Island, off Australia.

  • The Victorian parlour palm. From the 1870s it became the fashionable indoor palm in Europe. Queen Victoria reportedly had them in all her homes.
  • An island's seed business. Lord Howe still collects and exports its seeds around the world, under strict rules.
  • Named after explorers. Its scientific name honours Johann and Georg Forster, naturalists on Captain Cook's second voyage.

Look closer: It likes some shade. In strong sun its leaves can scorch.

Bismarck Palm (Bismarckia nobilis)

Planted on the land: 1 · Origin: Madagascar · Family: Arecaceae

A giant from the savannas of Madagascar, named after Otto von Bismarck, the first chancellor of Germany.

  • Leaves wider than a car. Mature leaves can grow more than 3 metres across.
  • Fireproof. It grows in grasslands that burn often, and it survives the fires. In parts of Madagascar it's one of the few trees left standing on cleared land.
  • Male and female. There are separate male and female palms. Only the females make fruit.

Look closer: Step back and look at the colour: in morning light the leaves look almost silver.

Bottle Palm (Hyophorbe lagenicaulis)

Planted on the land: 1 · Origin: Round Island, Mauritius · Family: Arecaceae

In the wild it survives only on Round Island, a tiny islet off Mauritius, and it's critically endangered there.

  • Our welcome palm (Bodhi Mente). Ours stands at the entrance, the first plant to welcome you to Bodhi Mente. Gardens like ours help keep the species going while it recovers in the wild.
  • Not a water tank. Many people think the swollen trunk stores water. It doesn't; that's a myth.
  • Slow and short. It stays short for a palm and grows slowly, so this one will look much the same for years.

Look closer: Notice how the trunk is fattest near the ground and narrows toward the leaves.

Washingtonia Palm (Washingtonia sp.)

Planted on the land: 4 · Origin: NW Mexico & SW United States · Family: Arecaceae

Named in 1879 after George Washington, the first president of the United States.

  • Desert fan palm. It comes from the dry canyons and oases of northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States.
  • A grass skirt. Dead leaves don't fall off. They hang down around the trunk like a skirt unless someone trims them.
  • Sky-high. It can reach about 25 metres, which is why it towers over the streets of Los Angeles.

Look closer: Watch the leaf stems: they have sharp, hooked teeth along the edges.

Areca Palm (Dypsis lutescens)

Planted on the land: 8 · Origin: Madagascar · Family: Arecaceae

One of the most planted palms in the tropics, yet in its home forests in Madagascar it's listed as Near Threatened.

  • A crowd, not a trunk. Each plant sends up many cane-like stems from its base, forming a clump shaped like a vase.
  • Butterfly palm. Its leaves curve up from the stem like wings, which is why it's also called the butterfly palm.
  • Our fastest grower (Bodhi Mente). We love this palm. It has grown faster than any other plant on our land, and left alone a clump can reach 6 to 12 metres.

Look closer: Look at the stems: they're ringed like bamboo and turn golden in the sun.

Swinglea (Swinglea glutinosa)

Planted on the land: 2,400 · Origin: Philippines · Family: Rutaceae

Our living fences. Instead of wire and posts, we planted 2,400 swinglea to mark the land.

  • A one-of-a-kind cousin. From the Philippines, it is the only species in its genus and part of the citrus family, like our oranges and mandarins.
  • Twice the plan (Bodhi Mente). We first thought we would need 1,200. We ended up planting twice that.
  • Hedge or tree. Kept trimmed, it grows into a thick barrier. Left alone, it becomes a small tree of 3 to 6 metres.

Look closer: Follow a fence line and notice how tightly the branches close. That is what keeps it working as a fence.

Birds of Bodhi Mente · Wildlife camera · The land · Map · Instagram · Facebook

Good to know

What grows at Bodhi Mente?
We have planted 68 different kinds of trees, palms and plants on our land near Tayrona, including avocado, orange, mandarin, níspero (sapodilla), mamey sapote, coconut, pera de agua (Malay apple), teak and royal palms, plus 2,400 swinglea as living fences. We've also identified 25 kinds of wild plants so far, and we're still counting.
How many trees have you planted?
Since we started building we have planted 102 trees and palms. We lost or removed 14 along the way, a net gain of 88. We don't count plantains: botanically they're giant herbs, not trees.
How do the QR tags work?
Each plant has a QR tag. Scan it with your phone's camera and this guide opens on that plant, with its story and facts.
Do you make your own coffee or cacao?
We're preparing Bodhi Mente coffee (Despertar and Pausa) and cacao (Raíz). They're coming soon.